What is C Programming?
The C programming language is a procedural, general-purpose language that is autonomous of the operating system and facilitates structured programming. It also offers low-level access to the system memory. The C programming language was created by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 at AT&T (then known as Bell Labs), where it was used with the UNIX operating system on a DEC PDP II. Moreover, it was Ken Thompson’s B programming language’s successor. C was created to address the issues that BASIC, B, and BPCL programming languages had. C surpassed all other programming languages for mainframes, microcomputers, and minicomputers by 1980.
Features of C Programming:
C, a language favoured by programmers for low-level and embedded code, has gradually permeated the semiconductor, hardware, and storage sectors. The C programming languages offer the following key features:
It features state operators and functions that can practically solve any complex problem in c is a programming language that combines low-level (assembly) and high-level functionality. It may be used to create applications and communicate with low-level hardware and system memory. It may be written on almost any operating system and is compatible with the majority of mobile devices. Because of the assistance offered by its datatypes and operators, C programmes run quickly. Do’s and other modifications made to C++, which was inherited from C, make it simple to extend.
C Program (“Hello World”)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main ()
{
int a = 1, b=2, c=0;
int c = a + b;
printf(“Hello World”);
printf(“C = “ %d, c);
return 0; }
Pre-processor Directives:
Pre-processor directives are the #include in the first line of a C programme. The pre-processors will all begin with the symbol #. The library file with the.h extension is the first line to be executed. The stdio.h file in the application mentioned above contains libraries related to print to the console output. Also, this will link the software to the library. The pre-processor will be used by the compiler to modify the programme before compilation. Pre-processors and macros both function similarly; however, macros are user-defined and aid in expanding values throughout the programme.
For instance:
##define AREA = 354;
This needs less work from the programmers and will replace the variable AREA everywhere in the programmed with 354
Header Files:
The language comes with a few standard header files that can be utilised by the programme to perform logical or mathematical calculations or even print to the console or files. You used the printf function in the aforementioned example, which prints the output to the console. The stdio.h header file must be included before the programme may run because it contains pertinent or related code for sending the output to the console.
Primary function
This crucial C programme function is where the program’s logic, calculations, or other information will be written. In the example shown above, the main has an integer as one of its return types.
Data Types:
to as a data type. C offers a wide range of data types, just like all other languages, and they are primarily categorised as primary datatypes, derived data types, and user-defined data types.
Primary data types are those that are an essential component of the C programming language and are generally simple to use (they are int, char, float, and void). The int type, which is used to store whole numbers, can accept values like zero, the positive or negative sign, but not the other way around. Real numbers are stored in float and double, which are different from one another in byte size. Similar to how long can handle both short and large ranges, int can as well.
